The racist roots of Black land loss
It is a chaotic and uncertain time for a number of federal agencies, including the USDA, thanks to a spending freeze that has farmers across the country worried that they won’t get payments for their participation in conservation programs, or that they might miss out on critical loans they need to buy seed and supplies.
For many Black farmers, this lack of access is nothing new: A long history of discrimination has barred them from USDA programs and sequestered critical funds. Ever since Emancipation granted Black people the right to own land, white-operated financial institutions and agriculture departments have colluded to keep them from accessing the resources they need to run successful farm businesses, creating a long-running cycle of bankruptcy, foreclosure and dispossession.
By 1910, Black farmers had managed to buy 16 million acres of farmland in the United States in 1910 (still only 1.8 percent of U.S. farmland total, at the time), but thanks to more than a century of subsequent discrimination, they own even less today: as of 2017, just 2.9 million acres, or 0.32 percent.
While the USDA has previously made some attempts to redress that discrimination, those efforts were always limited in scope and blunted even further after they became the target of conservative political activists. Now, with federal agencies being instructed to scrub references to DEI (diversity, equity and inclusion), acknowledging that discrimination — let alone correcting it — may be a thing of the past.
That makes sharing the lived experiences of Black farming families more important than ever. On this episode of “What You’re Eating,” we talk with writer and activist Brea Baker about her book, “Rooted: The American Legacy of Land Theft and the Modern Movement for Black Land Ownership,” which explores this country’s history of violent and racist land theft through the story of her own family’s experience.
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Top photo by Inari Briana.
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